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SGS fuel analysis – Biofuel FAME EN 14214

November 18, 2020

Biofuel is a form of renewable energy derived from a wide range of biomass-based products. There are currently two main forms: bioethanol and Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME). The FAME is produced by extracting vegetable oil from various plants; such as switchgrass, and then esterifying it.

The FAME is blended with gasoline and diesel to produce biofuels, which can be used in unmodified engines.

In November 2020, the independent and accredited laboratory SGS analyzed a sample of Biofuel (pure bioheating oil) treated with the XBEE Enzyme Fuel Technology. The analysis demonstrated that such fuel, also known as FAME or B100, remains in compliance with the EN 14214 standard.

Analyses	Methods	Without XBEE	With XBEE	Units	Limits
Ester content in FAME by GC · Ester content · Saturated ester content	EN 14103	97.3 13.6	97.6 13.5	mass %	96.5 min 16.0 max
Kinematic viscosity at 40°C	EN ISO 3104	4.448	4.448	mm²/s	3.50 - 5.00
Density at 15°C	EN ISO 12185	882.8	883.0	kg/m³	860 - 900
Flash point closed cup (cor.)	EN ISO 3679	162.0	157.0	°C	101 min
Cetane number (measured)	EN ISO 5165	55.4	55.1		51.0 min
Copper corrosion (3h at 50°C)	EN ISO 2160	1	1		Class 1
Introduction period Temperature	EN 15751	14.1 +110	15.3 +110	Hours °C	8.0 min
Acid number	EN 14104	0.38	0.40	mgKOH/g	0.50 max
Iodine Value	EN 14111	103	104	g/100 g	120 max
Linolenic acid methyl ester content	EN 14103	6.0	6.0	mass %	12.0 max
Polyunsaturated FAME content (PUFA)	EN 15779	0.69	0.70	mass %	1.0 max
Methanol	EN 14110	0.04	0.05	mass %	0.20 max
· Monoglyceride · Diglyceride · Triglyceride · Free glycerol · Total glycerol	EN 14105	0.38 <0.10 <0.10 0.018 0.119	0.26 <0.10 <0.10 0.001 0.070	mass %	0.70 max 0.20 max 0.20 max 0.02 max 0.25 max
Water content	EN ISO 12937	0.035	0.035	mass %	0.050 max
Total contamination	EN 12662	24.0	23.5	mg/kg	24.0 max
Sulfated ash	NF ISO 3987	<0.005	<0.005	mass %	0.02 max
Sulphur content	EN ISO 20846	5.2	5.2	mg/kg	10.0 max
Calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium by ICP OES · Calcium · Magnesium · Calcium + magnesium · Sodium · Potassium · Sodium + potassium	EN 14538	<1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0	<1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0	mg/kg	5.0 max
Phosphorus	EN 14107	<4.0	<4.0	mg/kg	4.0 max
Cloud point	EN ISO 3015	-4	-4	°C	0 max
Cold filter plugging point	EN 116	-10	-11	°C	-5 max

Although the results remain humble, it is interesting to observe that XBEE helped to reduce total contamination by 2.1%. Cold filter plugging point is more remarkably improved by 10%.